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Adaptive immunity involves the development of bespoke antibodies in germinal centers (GCs) through immunoglobulin somatic hypermutation (SHM) in GC dark zones (DZs) and clonal selection in light zones (LZs). Accurate selection requires that cells fully replace surface B cell receptors (BCRs) following SHM, but whether this happens before LZ entry is not clear. We found that most GC B cells degrade pre-SHM receptors before leaving the DZ, and that B cells acquiring crippling mutations during SHM rarely reached the LZ. Instead, apoptosis was triggered preferentially in late G1, a stage wherein cells with functional BCRs re-entered cell cycle or reduced surface expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 to enable LZ migration. Ectopic expression of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2 was not sufficient for cells with damaging mutations to reach the LZ, suggesting that BCR-dependent cues may actively facilitate the transition. Thus, BCR replacement and pre-screening in DZs prevents the accumulation of clones with non-functional receptors and facilitates selection in the LZ.

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.immuni.2018.08.025

Type

Journal article

Journal

Immunity

Publication Date

18/09/2018

Volume

49

Pages

477 - 489.e7

Keywords

Animals, Apoptosis, B-Lymphocytes, Cell Movement, Cells, Cultured, Clonal Selection, Antigen-Mediated, DNA Damage, Germinal Center, Immunoglobulins, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Mutation, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2, Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell, Receptors, CXCR4, Somatic Hypermutation, Immunoglobulin