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Forty human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected women participated in a cross-sectional study of possible correlations between chemokine receptor (CCR5 and/or CCR2B) genotype, HIV-1 RNA and DNA load, and beta-chemokine levels (RANTES, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta) in blood and cervix. HIV-1 nucleic acid and beta-chemokines were found in all patient blood samples and in more than half of the cervical samples regardless of CCR5 or CCR2B genotype. High beta-chemokine concentrations were in general associated with high virus loads in blood and cervix. In the blood, the proviral DNA load was significantly correlated with the MIP-1alpha concentration, whereas the DNA load in cervix was significantly associated with the MIP-1beta concentration. The cervical viral RNA load was significantly associated with levels of all three chemokines. Thus, when HIV-1 shedding was highest in the genital tract, it was associated with other combinations of beta-chemokines than virus load in blood, suggesting that local immune reactions strongly influence virus load in the cervical compartment.

Original publication

DOI

10.1086/314433

Type

Journal article

Journal

J Infect Dis

Publication Date

11/1998

Volume

178

Pages

1334 - 1342

Keywords

Cell Line, Cervix Uteri, Chemokine CCL3, Chemokine CCL4, Chemokine CCL5, Chemokines, CC, DNA, Viral, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Viral, HIV-1, Humans, Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins, RNA, Viral, Receptors, CCR2, Receptors, CCR5, Receptors, Chemokine, Receptors, Cytokine, Virus Shedding