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BACKGROUND: Most studies of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 focus on circulating antibody, giving limited insights into mucosal defences that prevent viral replication and onward transmission. We studied nasal and plasma antibody responses one year after hospitalisation for COVID-19, including a period when SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was introduced. METHODS: In this follow up study, plasma and nasosorption samples were prospectively collected from 446 adults hospitalised for COVID-19 between February 2020 and March 2021 via the ISARIC4C and PHOSP-COVID consortia. IgA and IgG responses to NP and S of ancestral SARS-CoV-2, Delta and Omicron (BA.1) variants were measured by electrochemiluminescence and compared with plasma neutralisation data. FINDINGS: Strong and consistent nasal anti-NP and anti-S IgA responses were demonstrated, which remained elevated for nine months (p 

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104402

Type

Journal article

Journal

EBioMedicine

Publication Date

01/2023

Volume

87

Keywords

COVID-19, Convalescent, Mucosal immunity, Nasal antibody, SARS-CoV-2 immunity, SARS-CoV-2 variants, Vaccination, Adult, Humans, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, COVID-19 Vaccines, Follow-Up Studies, Vaccination, Hospitalization, Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin G, Antibodies, Viral, Antibodies, Neutralizing