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Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) has been shown to both stimulate and inhibit the proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) in vitro, but its mechanisms of action are not known. We demonstrate that the direct effects of TNF-alpha on murine bone marrow progenitors are only inhibitory and mediated at least in part through downmodulation of colony-stimulating factor receptor (CSF-R) expression. The stimulatory effects of TNF-alpha are indirectly mediated through production of hematopoietic growth factors, which subsequently results in increased granulocyte-macrophage CSF and interleukin 3 receptor expression. In addition, the effects of TNF-alpha (stimulatory or inhibitory) are strictly dependent on the particular CSF stimulating growth as well as the concentration of TNF-alpha present in culture. A model is proposed to explain how TNF-alpha might directly and indirectly regulate HPC growth through modulation of CSF-R expression.

Original publication

DOI

10.1084/jem.175.6.1759

Type

Journal article

Journal

J Exp Med

Publication Date

01/06/1992

Volume

175

Pages

1759 - 1772

Keywords

Animals, Bone Marrow, Bone Marrow Cells, Cell Division, Cell Line, Cells, Cultured, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Kinetics, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Models, Biological, Receptors, Colony-Stimulating Factor, Receptors, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor, Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Recombinant Proteins, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha